Oil body-mediated defense against fungi: From tissues to ecology.
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Journal: 2015/December - Plant signaling & behavior
ISSN: 1559-2324
Abstract:
Oil bodies are localized in the seed cells and leaf cells of many land plants. They have a passive function as storage organelles for lipids. We recently reported that the leaf oil body has an active function as a subcellular factory that produces an antifungal oxylipin during fungal infection in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we propose a model for oil body-mediated plant defense. Remarkably, senescent leaves develop oil bodies and accumulate α-dioxygenase1 (α-DOX1) and caleosin3 (CLO3) on the oil-body membrane, which catalyze the conversion of α-linolenic acid to the phytoalexin 2-hydroxy-octadecatrienoic acid (2-HOT). The model proposes that senescent leaves actively produce antifungal oxylipins and phytoalexins, and abscised leaves contain a mixture of antifungal compounds. In natural settings, the abscised leaves with antifungal compounds accumulate in leaf litter and function to protect healthy tissues and young plants from fungal infection. Plants might have evolved this ecological function for dead leaves.
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Plant Signal Behav 10(2): e989036
PMID: 25764319

Oil body-mediated defense against fungi: From tissues to ecology

Abbreviations

α-DOX1
α-dioxygenase1
CLO3
caleosin3
2-HOT
2-hydroxy-octadecatrienoic acid
HPOT
hydroperoxyoctadecatrienoic acid
LTP3
lipid transfer protein 3
GPAT2
glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 2, LOX, lipoxygenase
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University; Kyoto, Japan
Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University; Kyoto, Japan
Correspondence to: Ikuko Hara-Nishimura; E-mail: pj.ca.u-otoyk.tob.rg@ihsinhi,
Received 2014 Sep 6; Accepted 2014 Sep 16.
Copyright © 2015 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

Abstract

Oil bodies are localized in the seed cells and leaf cells of many land plants. They have a passive function as storage organelles for lipids. We recently reported that the leaf oil body has an active function as a subcellular factory that produces an antifungal oxylipin during fungal infection in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we propose a model for oil body-mediated plant defense. Remarkably, senescent leaves develop oil bodies and accumulate α-dioxygenase1 (α-DOX1) and caleosin3 (CLO3) on the oil-body membrane, which catalyze the conversion of α-linolenic acid to the phytoalexin 2-hydroxy-octadecatrienoic acid (2-HOT). The model proposes that senescent leaves actively produce antifungal oxylipins and phytoalexins, and abscised leaves contain a mixture of antifungal compounds. In natural settings, the abscised leaves with antifungal compounds accumulate in leaf litter and function to protect healthy tissues and young plants from fungal infection. Plants might have evolved this ecological function for dead leaves.

Keywords: abscised leaf, caleosin, fungal infection, oil body, oxylipin, phytoalexin, senescence, α-dioxygenase
Abstract

References

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