METHODS

A 30-year-old woman with polycystic ovarian syndrome who was undergoing hormone replacement therapy presented with a 6-month history of a nonproductive cough and a 1-day history of hemoptysis (approximately 20 mL). Intravenous contrast material-enhanced (100 mL of Omnipaque 350; GE Healthcare, Princeton, NJ) computed tomographic (CT) pulmonary angiography was performed to evaluate for pulmonary embolism. On the basis of the CT pulmonary angiographic findings, chromogranin A and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels were measured and were 7 nmol/L (343 µg/L) (high) and 2.9 mg per 24 hours (15.167 µmol/d) (normal), respectively. This patient underwent bronchoscopy and biopsy. After these tests, she was referred for whole-body scintigraphy, which revealed an unexpected finding that was further investigated with fluorine 18 ((18)F) flurodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and CT.