Evaluation of antihepatotoxic potential of <em>Solanum xanthocarpum</em> fruit extract against antitubercular drugs induced hepatopathy in experimental rodents

Talib Hussain

Ramesh Gupta

Sweety K

Mohd Khan

Objective

To assess the hepatoprotective effect of Solanum xanthocarpum (S. xanthocarpum) fruit extract against antitubercular drug-induced liver toxicity in experimental animals.

Methods

Ethanolic (50%) fruit extract of S. xanthocarpum (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg bw) was administered daily for 35 days in experimental animals. Liver toxicity was induced by combination of three antitubercular drugs [isoniazid (I) 7.5 mg/kg, rifampicin (R) 10 mg/kg and pyrazinamide (P) 35 mg/kg] given orally as suspension for 35 days in rats. The hepatoprotective activity was assessed using various biochemical parameters like aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatise (ALP), total bilirubin (TBL), albumin (ALB), total protein (TP), lactate dehydroginase (LDH), and serum cholesterol (CHL). Meanwhile, in vivo antioxidant activities as lipid peroxidation (LPO), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were measured in rat liver homogenate. The biochemical observations were supplemented by histopathological examination.

Results

The results demonstrated that treatment with S. xanthocarpum significantly (P<0.05-P<0.001) and dose-dependently prevented drug induced increase in serum levels of hepatic enzymes. Furthermore, S. xanthocarpum significantly (up to P<0.001) reduced the LPO in the liver tissue and restored activities of defence antioxidant enzymes GSH, SOD and CAT towards normal levels. Histopathology of the liver tissue showed that S. xanthocarpum attenuated the hepatocellular necrosis and led to reduction in inflammatory cells infiltration.

Conclusions

The results of this study strongly indicate the protective effect of S. xanthocarpum against liver injury which may be attributed to its hepatoprotective activity, and thereby scientifically support its traditional use.

^{Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001, India}

^{Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 226001}

^{Department of Pharmacology, Royal College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Berhampur-760002 (Orissa)}

^{Department of Biotechnology, Integral University, Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 226001}

*Corresponding author: Chandana Venkateswara Rao, Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001, India. Tel: +91 522 2297976, Fax: +91 522 2205836, E-mail: moc.oohay@ha_htdm

Received 2011 Oct 20; Revised 2011 Nov 12; Accepted 2011 Dec 17.

Abstract

Objective

To assess the hepatoprotective effect of Solanum xanthocarpum (S. xanthocarpum) fruit extract against antitubercular drug-induced liver toxicity in experimental animals.

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Keywords: Solanum xanthocarpum, Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Antioxidant, Antihepatotoxicity, Hepatoprotective effect, Antitubercular drug, Liver toxicity, Liver injury, Biochemical parameter, Histopathology

Abstract

Acknowledgments

This study was supported and funded by Department of Science & Technology (DST, Grant no. GAP-274625) Government of India, New Delhi. The author(s) also would like to acknowledge gratefully the efficient help extended by the Director (Dr. CS Nautiyal) of CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute for providing necessary facilities for this research work.

Acknowledgments

Footnotes

Foundation Project: This work was financially supported by Department of Science & Technology, Government of India, New Delhi (Grant no. GAP-274625).

Conflict of interest statement: We declare that we have no conflict of interest.

Footnotes

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