Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2(1): 24-30

Control of <em>Tetranychus urticae</em> Koch by extracts of three essential oils of chamomile, marjoram and <em>Eucalyptus</em>

Objective

To evaluate the acaricidal activity of extracts of three essential oils of chamomile, marjoram and Eucalyptus against Tetranychus urticae (T. urticae) Koch.

Methods

Extracts of three essential oils of chamomile, marjoram and Eucalyptus with different concentrations (0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0% and 4.0%) were used to control T. urticae Koch.

Results

The results showed that chamomile (Chamomilla recutita) represented the most potent efficient acaricidal agent against Tetranychus followed by marjoram (Marjorana hortensis) and Eucalyptus. The LC₅₀ values of chamomile, marjoram and Eucalyptus for adults were 0.65, 1.84 and 2.18, respectively and for eggs 1.17, 6.26 and 7.33, respectively. Activities of enzymes including glutathione-S-transferase, esterase (α-esterase and β-esterase) and alkaline phosphatase in susceptible mites were determined and activities of enzymes involved in the resistance of acaricides were proved. Protease enzyme was significantly decreased at LC₅₀ of both chamomile and marjoram compared with positive control. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) proved that the major compositions of Chamomilla recutita are α-bisabolol oxide A (35.251%), and trans-β-farersene (7.758%), while the main components of Marjorana hortensis are terpinene-4-ol (23.860%), p-cymene (23.404%) and sabinene (10.904%).

Conclusions

It can be concluded that extracts of three essential oils of chamomile, marjoram and Eucalyptus possess acaricidal activity against T. urticae.

^{Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, P. Box 12613, Gamma St, Giza, Cairo, Egypt}

^{Departmetn of Zoology and Nematology, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, P. Box 12613, Gamma St, Giza, Cairo, Egypt}

*Corresponding author: Abd El-Moneim MR Afify, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, P. Box 12613, Gamma St, Giza, Cario, Egypt. E-mail: moc.oohay@yfifamienom

Received 2011 May 20; Revised 2011 Jun 10; Accepted 2011 Jun 21.

Abstract

Objective

To evaluate the acaricidal activity of extracts of three essential oils of chamomile, marjoram and Eucalyptus against Tetranychus urticae (T. urticae) Koch.

Methods

Extracts of three essential oils of chamomile, marjoram and Eucalyptus with different concentrations (0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0% and 4.0%) were used to control T. urticae Koch.

Results

Conclusions

It can be concluded that extracts of three essential oils of chamomile, marjoram and Eucalyptus possess acaricidal activity against T. urticae.

Keywords: Tetranychidae, Plant essential oils, Enzymes, Glutathione-S-transferase, Non specific esterase, Alkaline phosphatase, Protease, Chamomile, Marjoram, Eucalyptus

Abstract

Acknowledgments

Authors would like to thank the Management of the Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Department Biochemistry (Protein Lab) for ongoing cooperation to support research and providing funds and facilities necessary to achieve the desired goals of research.

Acknowledgments

Footnotes

Foundation Project: Supported by Cairo University, Faculty of Agriculture, Deptarment of Biochemistry, Cairo, Egypt.

Conflict of interest statement: We declare that we have no conflict of interest.

Footnotes

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