Two new eremophilane-type sesquiterpenes, carperemophilanes A and B (1-2), three new maleimide-bearing compounds, carpesiumaleimides A-C (3-5), along with a known sesquiterpene, carabrol (6), were isolated from the ethanol extract of Carpesium abrotanoides L. Their structures were elucidated by analysis of their NMR and MS data as well as by comparison with the literature. The absolute configuration of carperemophilane A (1) was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. All isolated compounds (1-6) were evaluated in vitro for cytotoxicity against two human cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and HGC-27 using the MTT method. Compounds 1, 2 and 6 showed cytotoxic activities with IC₅₀ values ranging from 7.45 to 37.35 μM.