Objectives: This study investigated the effect of dexmedetomidine on the oxidant-antioxidant (thiol/disulphide) balance.Methods: A total of 24 rats were divided into four groups. The renal arteries in groups IR (ischaemia/reperfusion) and IR + D (ischaemia/reperfusion + dexmedetomidine) were clamped for 45 min and reperfused for 180 min. Groups D (Dexmedetomidine) and IR + D were administered 100 μg/kg dexmedetomidine. Oxidant-antioxidant (thiol/disulphide) levels were measured. Kidney tissue was examined histopathologically.Results: No statistically difference was found between the groups in terms of thiol-disulphide averages, while IMA, TOS and thiol-disulphide results showed a minimal decrease in Group IR + D compared to Group IR (p > 0.05). Tubular lesions and necrosis were found in 26-50% of tubules in Group IR. Tubular damage and necrosis in Group IR + D declined to 5-25% .Conclusions: No statistically difference was found in the study where OSI index, thiol/disulphide balance and IMA were measured together as biochemical values.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the changes in cardiac functions by echocardiography and oxidative stress markers in pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia.

Method: A total of 100 patients (pregnant women with IDA n = 34, healthy pregnant women n = 33, non-pregnant control group n = 33) were enrolled. Demographic data, serum thiol-disulfide and ischemia modified albumin levels, and echocardiographic parameters were compared.

Results: Native thiol (NT) (p < .001) and Total Thiol (TT) (p < .001) levels as antioxidant markers; left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (p < .001), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) (p < .001) were significantly decreased in the IDA group compared to healthy pregnant women and non-pregnant controls. Adjusted IMA ratios were significantly increased in the IDA group (p =.001). A significant negative correlation was determined between adjusted IMA and LVEF (r = -0,4226; p =.016), a significant positive correlation was determined between thiol levels and TAPSE (r = 0.361; p =.041) in IDA group, no correlation was observed in healthy pregnant women and healthy non-pregnant control group.

Conclusion: Anemia in pregnanc may trigger oxidative stress and increased OS may be related to changes in cardiac functions. The possible cardiovascular impact should be considered in pregnant women with anemia and clinicians should not neglect to refer these patients to cardiology in clinical practise.

Keywords: Iron deficiency anemia; ischemia modified albumin; oxidative stress; pregnancy; thiol-disulfide homeostasis.

Introduction: Acne vulgaris is a common skin disease in adolescents known to be associated with oxidative stress. However, the number of studies in which oxidative stress and antioxidants are evaluated together is limited.

Aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate L-arginine/nitric oxide (NO) pathway metabolites, ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), vitamin A and E levels in patients with acne and its association with disease severity.

Methods: Ninety patients with acne and 30 healthy adults were included in the study. The serum levels of L-arjinin, arginine metabolites, IMA, vitamin A and E measured in patient and control group.

Results: Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), LN^G -monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) and IMA levels were significantly higher in the patients with acne than in the control group (p ˂ 0.05). The L-arginine / ADMA ratio, and citrulline and vitamin A levels were significantly lower in patients with acne than those of the controls (p ˂ 0.05). ADMA and IMA plasma levels were increased in parallel with the disease severity (p ˂ 0.05). L-arginine / ADMA ratio, L-arginine, citrulline and vitamin A plasma levels decreased as the disease became severe (p ˂ 0.05). Although arginine and vitamin E levels were lower in the patient group compared to the control group, the difference was not statistically significant (p ˃ 0.05).

Conclusion: These results suggest that IMA and L-arginine - NO pathway associated with ischemia and oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of acne vulgaris.

Keywords: Acne vulgaris; Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA); Ischemia modified albumin (IMA); Oxidative stress; Vitamin A; Vitamin E.

Aim: The evaluation of dynamic thiol-disulfide homeostasis among patients with the cancer of the uterine cervix.

Methods: The study was conducted in 62 cervical cancer patients and 61 healthy women who had been followed up in an obstetrics and gynecology clinic between September 2018 and April 2020. Serum disulfide, native thiol, total thiol, ischemia modified-albumin, total antioxidant and oxidant capacities, and oxidative stress index values were measured in all participants.

Results: The mean plasma disulfide levels of the cervical cancer group was statistically significantly higher than that of the control group (25.79 ± 6.90 μmol/L, 22.31 ± 6.11 μmol/L, respectively) (P = 0.004). Plasma native thiol and total thiol levels were lower in cervical cancer patients (299.27 ± 99.05 μmol/L and 350.86 ± 102.72 μmol/L, respectively) compared to controls, but no statistically significant difference was observed (318.00 ± 93.75 μmol/L and 376.44 ± 98.51 μmol/L, respectively) (P = 0.284, P = 0.161). With respect to the ischemia modified-albumin level, no statistically significant difference was observed between two groups. There were statistically significant positive association between disulfide level and both the stage of cervical cancer (r = 0.278, P = 0.029) and total oxidant capacity level (r = 0.256, P = 0.046).

Conclusion: Dynamic thiol-disulfide homeostasis may participate in the pathophysiological mechanisms of cervical cancer and may be a potential biomarker for early identification of cervical cancer in future.

Keywords: cervical cancer; disulfide; ischemia modified albumin; oxidant-antioxidant exchange; thiol.

Objective: We compared markers of oxidative stress (OS) in mothers with and without fetal neural tube defects (NTDs). Methods: Pregnant mothers in the second trimester with NTD-affected fetuses and age, gestational age, and body mass index-matched control mothers with unaffected fetuses were included. Maternal serum thiol-disulfide homeostasis parameters and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) were measured. Results: In 30 affected mothers compared to 31 controls, disulfide levels, disulfide/native thiol, and disulfide/total thiol ratios were higher; native and total thiol levels and native thiol/total thiol ratios were lower (p < 0.001). Mothers with NTD-affected fetuses had higher levels of IMA than controls (p = 0.025). Conclusion: The thiol-disulfide homeostasis balance was shifted in favor of disulfide, suggesting increased thiol oxidation and OS in the second trimester of NTD-affected pregnancies. Maternal levels of IMA, an oxidatively altered form of albumin, thus a measure of OS, were higher in NTD-affected second trimester pregnancies compared to controls.

Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress plays a key role in the onset/progression of cardiovascular diseases. For example, it can trigger formation of advanced glycation end (AGE) products with ischemia-reperfusion performed under hyperglycemic conditions. For this study, we hypothesized that albumin modified by glycation loses its unique cardioprotective properties in the setting of ischemia-reperfusion under high glucose conditions. Here, ex vivo rat heart perfusions were performed under simulated normo- and hyperglycemic conditions, that is Krebs-Henseleit buffer containing 11 mmol/L and 33 mmol/L glucose, respectively, ± normal or glycated albumin preparations. The perfusion protocol consisted of a 60 min stabilization step that was followed by 20 min of global ischemia and 60 min reperfusion. Additional experiments were completed to determine infarct sizes in response to 20 min regional ischemia and 120 min reperfusion. At the end of perfusions, heart tissues were isolated and evaluated for activation of the AGE pathway, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Our data reveal that native bovine serum albumin treatment elicited cardioprotection (improved functional recovery, decreased infarct sizes) under high glucose conditions together with enhanced myocardial antioxidant capacity. However, such protective features are lost with glycation where hearts displayed increased infarct sizes and poor functional recovery versus native albumin treatments. Myocardial antioxidant capacity was also lowered together with activation of the intracellular AGE pathway. These data therefore show that although albumin acts as a cardioprotective agent during ischemia-reperfusion, it loses its cardioprotective and antioxidant properties when modified by glycation.

BACKGROUND

Hypoxia may occur in the severe exacerbations of asthma. Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) may increase in ischemia, in addition to oxidative stress and inflammation. The aim was to evaluate IMA levels in children during the asthma exacerbation and the asymptomatic period.

METHODS

Children with asthma who were followed up in our clinic were included and healthy children were selected as the control group. The severity of exacerbation was evaluated with Global Initiative for Asthma and Modified Pulmonary Index Score. Serum IMA levels were measured at the time of exacerbation and 4 weeks after treatment during asymptomatic period. Skin prick test and C reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured.

RESULTS

A total of 26 patients and 26 controls were included. Mean IMA level was 0.45±0.12 absorbance units -ABSU- during asthma exacerbation and 0.32±0.08 ABSU in the control group (p=0.001). Mean IMA levels (0.41±0.14 ABSU) during the stable period were higher than the control group (p=0.005). There was no difference in terms of IMA levels when patients were grouped according to anti-inflammatory treatment, upper respiratory tract infection before exacerbation, CRP levels or sensitivity of skin prick tests. However, IMA levels were higher in patients with severe asthma exacerbation (p=0.009) in comparison with mild/moderate exacerbation. Positive correlation was observed between IMA levels and severity of exacerbation (r: 0.498, p=0.010).

CONCLUSIONS

Asthmatic children had higher IMA levels than the control group, both in stable and exacerbated asthma. There was a positive relationship between IMA levels and severity of asthma exacerbation.

Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of pregabalin have been shown previously. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of different doses of pregabalin on skeletal muscle IR injury in rats.

24 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (Control, Ischaemia-Reperfusion (IR), IR-Pregabalin 50 mg, IR-Pregabalin 200 mg). Following IR, serum Ischemia Modified Albumin (IMA) and tissue Paraoxonase (PON) were studied and gastrocnemius muscle tissue was removed for histopathologic examination.

Interstitial inflammation was higher in the IR group than in the control and Pregabalin 200 mg groups (p = 0.037, p = 0.037, respectively). Congestion was higher in the IR group than in the control, Pregabalin 50 and 200 mg groups (p = 0.001, p = 0.004, p = 0.004, respectively). PON was lower in the IR group than in the Control, Pregabalin 50 and 200 mg groups (p = 0.001, p = 0.007, p = 0.015, respectively). IMA was higher in the IR group than in the Control, Pregabalin 50 and 200 mg groups (p < 0.0001, all).

We think that administration of pregabalin, more prominent at 200 mg, can reverse the injury that occurs in the skeletal muscle of IR-induced rats. Pregabalin can be safely used for analgesia in cases of IR (Tab. 2, Fig. 9, Ref. 41).

We hypothesized that the changes in blood oxidant/antioxidant status during incremental maximal cycling exercise could affect the motor drive to leg muscles. Indeed, the oxygen free radicals activate the metabosensitive muscle afferents which are suspected to elicit an adaptive motor response delaying fatigue. Fifteen healthy subjects performed an incremental cycling exercise reaching the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2) during which venous blood was repeatedly sampled to measure a marker of lipid peroxidation (TBARS), an antioxidant (reduced ascorbic acid, RAA), and the ischaemia-modified albumin (IMA). The surface EMG of rectus femoris was recorded and the median frequency (MF) of power spectrum was computed. Our main results are: 1) TBARS increased in 7/15 subjects, RAA decreased in 7/15 and IMA increased in 13/15 at VO2max; 4) the MF decrease was correlated to maximal end-exercise IMA increase and RAA decrease. During maximal cycling exercise, the adaptive motor response to cycling closely depends on the magnitude of exercise-induced oxidative stress.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of fucoidin on rat kidney and lung in an infraaortic ishemia reperfusion model.

Methods: Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 8) as sham, control (IR), before ischemia (BI), before reperfusion (BR), and before ischemia and before reperfusion (BI/BR). Rats were subjected to 120 minutes ischemia followed by 120 minutes reperfusion with application of infrarenal aortic clamping. BI received intravenous fucoidin (25 mg/kg) ten minutes before establishing ischemia and BR received ten minutes before reperfusion. BI/BR group received half equal doses of fucoidin both before ischemia (12.5 mg/kg) and reperfusion (12.5 mg/kg) periods, respectively. After sacrification blood and tissue samples were obtained for biochemical (Malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitric oxide (NO), Myeloperoxidase (MPO), Catalase (CAT), Plasma Chitotriosidase (CHIT) and serum ischemia modified albumin (IMA)) and histologic examinations.

Results: MDA, NO, MPO, CAT, and IMA levels were lower in BR and BI/BR groups compared to control group (p < 0.001). Plasma CHIT levels in BR and BI/BR groups were lower than in control group (p < 0.05). According to histological examination kidney and lung injury scores were lower in BR and BI/BR groups compared to control group (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion: The study showed that fucoidin is effective in preventing kidney and lung injury if administered before reperfusion or both before ischemia and reperfusion. However, it has no effect if administered only before ischemia.

Keywords: abdominal aorta; fucoidin; ischemia reperfusion; kidney injury; lung injury; remote organ injury.

Objective: This study set out to investigate the relationships between the neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NAR) in the early stages of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) and the occurrence of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI).

Methods: A total of 439 patients with aSAH were included in this retrospective study. NAR assessment was conducted upon admission. The relationship between NAR and DCI was analyzed.

Results: Eighty-four patients (23.7%) experienced DCI. NAR levels were significantly higher in patients with DCI after aSAH than without DCI (median [IQR] 0.350 [0.274-0.406] vs 0.240 [0.186-0.300]; p < 0.001). NAR levels were correlated with World Federation of Neurological Surgeons (WFNS) scores and modified Fisher scores (r = 0.505 and 0.394, respectively). NAR and mFisher grade were the independent predictors of DCI. Under receiver operating characteristic curve, NAR levels exhibited a significant discriminatory capability ((AUC [95% CI] 0.812 [0.740-0.823]; p < 0.001). The predictive power of NAR levels was similar to modified Fisher grade (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: NAR, in positive correlation with the severity of hemorrhage, appears to be a novel predictive biomarker of DCI after aSAH.

Keywords: aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage; biomarker; delayed cerebral ischemia; neutrophil-to-albumin; vascular disorders.

UNASSIGNED

Celiac disease (CD) is a common phenomenon in children with Type 1 diabetes (T1D). In the present review, we have discussed the pathogenesis, diagnostic biomarkers, risk factors, and prognosis of CD in the context of pediatric T1D.

UNASSIGNED

Literature published in Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library were scrutinized up to the end of 2017. The keywords of celiac disease, Type 1 diabetes, children, and pediatric were used in different combinations.

UNASSIGNED

Immune cytotoxic reactions along with dampen immune regulatory functions contribute to CD in the context of pediatric T1D. Many children with simultaneous CD and T1D do not represent with the clinical signs of the enteropathy rendering a diagnostic challenge. The most common screening tests in these children are routine serological tests of CD, anti - endomysial, anti - transglutaminase, and anti - deamidated gliadin peptide antibodies. Typing for human leukocyte antigens of DQ - 2 and DQ - 8 may assist in the diagnosis of silent CD in children with T1D. The most significant shared non - HLA genetic loci of CD and T1D comprise CTLA - 4, TAGAP, IL - 18RAP, PTPN2, RGS1, SH2B3, CCR5. Interactions between these loci can be important in susceptibility to CD in T1D. Some new biomarkers have been suggested for diagnosis of CD including ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), soluble syndecan-1 (SSDC-1), regenerating gene Iα (REG-Iα), Neurotensin, and Zonulin, which can be useful for diagnosis and screening of CD in childhood T1D.

UNASSIGNED

Overall, active seropositive CD seems to be of clinical importance in T1D with significant impacts on the quality of life and predisposition to diabetes associated complications. It is important to detect CD in the context of T1D to prevent potential risks contributing to morbidities and mortalities associated with either CD or T1D.

BACKGROUND

Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and ischemia modified albumin (IMA) are common parameters used to assess the status of oxidative stress under different conditions. This study reports on TAC and levels of IMA in patients with beta-thalassemia major.

METHODS

Blood specimens were collected from 98 subjects (55 beta-thalassemia major patients and 43 healthy controls). Serum levels of IMA and TAC were determined using conventional biochemical methods. Serum levels of ferritin, iron, TIBC, ALT, bilirubin, total protein, and albumin were measured using automated chemistry analyzers.

RESULTS

Levels of TIBC were significantly lower, and those of ferritin, iron, percentage of transferrin saturation, ALT, total and direct bilirubin were significantly higher in patients than in controls. No significant differences were observed between patients and controls with respect to total protein and albumin. TAC levels, expressed as mM Trolox equivalents, were significantly lower in patients than in controls (0.197 +/- 0.106 vs. 0.274 +/- 0.122, p < 0.01). Serum levels of IMA (ABSU) were significantly higher in patients than in controls (0.543 +/- 0.124 vs. 0.452 +/- 0.085, p < 0.01). Spearman univariate analysis demonstrated significant inverse correlations of TAC with both IMA and ferritin (r = -0.307, p < 0.05 and r = -0.395, p < 0.01, respectively) and significant direct correlation of IMA with ferritin (r = 0.519, p < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates the presence of a significant inverse correlation between total antioxidant capacity and IMA; this further argues for the inclusion of IMA as one of the oxidative stress markers in thalassemic patients.

BACKGROUND

Pre-eclampsia (PE) carries an increased risk for maternal and/or fetal mortality or serious morbidity. PE is associated with ischemia and increased oxidative stress in the placenta, which may lead to modification of plasma albumin to ischemia-modified albumin (IMA). The aim of this study was to investigate IMA and hematological parameters in mothers and in premature infants in normal and in pre-eclamptic pregnancies.

METHODS

Twenty-five pregnant women with PE and their premature newborns were categorized as the PE group, and 25 normotensive pregnant women and their premature newborns as the control group. Preterm infants are classified as small for gestational age (SGA) or non-SGA according to the Fenton preterm growth chart. Serum IMA, complete blood count (CBC), liver function tests (LFT), renal function tests (RFT), albumin, and C-reactive protein were measured in the mothers immediately before birth, and in the cord blood and serum of the newborns at 6 and 24 h after birth. Clinical and demographic data were recorded for both groups.

RESULTS

While IMA, LFT and RFT were significantly increased in the PE group compared with the control group, albumin and CBC were significantly lower in the PE group. A total of 40% of PE newborns were SGA, 30% of whom had severe SGA (birthweight <3rd percentile). Cord IMA was significantly increased in all preterm neonates in the PE group compared with the control group. No mothers or neonates died.

CONCLUSIONS

Serum IMA in addition to the prevalence of SGA were significantly increased in the PE group. Cord blood IMA, therefore, might be a predictive biomarker for SGA in PE pregnancies.

OBJECTIVE

Pre-eclampsia is associated with ischemia and increased oxidative stress, which may lead to modification of plasma albumin to ischemia modified albumin (IMA).

METHODS

IMA levels were estimated in cord blood of 30 newborns born to pre-eclamptic mothers and compared with 30 normal newborns. IMA was estimated colorimetrically and the results were compared statistically.

RESULTS

The levels of IMA were found to be significantly higher (p < 0.001) in newborns born to pre-eclamptic mothers (0.835 ± 0.02 ABSU) as compared to those born to normal mothers (0.325 ± 0.01 ABSU).

CONCLUSIONS

IMA may act as a marker of ischemia and oxidative stress in newborns delivered to pre-eclamptic mothers.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the oxidative status in patients with silicosis by detecting dynamic thiol disulfide homeostasis (TDH), ischemia-modified albumin level (IMA) catalase (CAT) activity, and the correlation of these markers with pulmonary function tests. Male ceramic workers with silicosis (n = 91) and healthy individuals (n = 47) were recruited for the study. Radiographic abnormalities of pneumoconiosis were classified into three profusion categories (categories 1, 2, and 3), and patients with silicosis, those with category 1, were defined as group 1 and those with category 2 or 3 were defined as group 2. Plasma levels of native thiol (NT), total thiol (TT), disulfide (Ds), IMA, and CAT activities were determined. Pulmonary function tests of groups were compared. NT, TT, and NT/TT ratios were significantly lower in groups 1 and 2 than the control group (p < 0.05). These did not differ between patients with silicosis (groups 1 and 2) and control group (p = 0.421). Ds/NT and Ds/TT ratios were significantly higher in group 2 than the control group (p < 0.05). NT, TT, and Ds did not differ significantly between groups 1 and 2. The oxidant biomarker IMA was higher (p < 0.001), and the antioxidant parameters albumin and CAT were lower in groups 1 and 2 (p < 0.001) compared with the control group. The mean FEV_1act, FVC_act, forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity (%), and value of 25-75 percent maximum expiratory flow were significantly lower in groups 1 and 2 than control group. We have used a novel colorimetric method to assess TDH in patients with silicosis. Alteration of plasma thiol/disulfide homeostasis and IMA levels might be novel indicators of oxidative stress in silicosis.

Keywords: Silicosis; catalase; ischemia-modified albumin; oxidative status; thiol/disulfide.

Objective: To explore the relationship between occupational stress and metabolic syndrome (MS) in operating room nurses. Methods: In July 2019, 179 nurses in the operating room of a third-class A hospital in Shandong Province were selected as the research objects. The self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the general situation, and "Nurse Job Stressor Scale" was used to investigate the occupational stress level of nursing staff. The height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, ischemia-modified albumin, lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 were measured. The nursing staff were divided into MS group and non-MS group, and the occupational stress levels of the two groups were compared. Chi square test or Fisher test were used to compare the counting data between groups; the measurement data were expressed by Mean±SD, and the comparison between groups was performed with t test. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of MS. Results: The overall occupational stress level of nurses in operating room was (450.58±141.77) points, which was significantly lower than the norm score (P<0.05) ; Compared with non-MS group, the overall occupational stress level, work nature, workload and patient related factors in MS group were significantly higher, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) ; The prevalence of abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperglycemia and hypertension were significantly different among the groups with different occupational stress levels (P<0.05) . After adjusting waist circumference, triglyceride, systolic blood pressure, high density lipoprotein, ischemia modified albumin and lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2, the total score of occupational stress was the risk factor of MS in operating room nurses (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The occupational stress level of nurses in operating room is related to the prevalence of MS.

目的： 探讨手术室护理人员职业应激现状及其与代谢综合征（MS）的关系。 方法： 于2019年7月，选取山东省内某三甲医院手术室全体护理人员179人作为研究对象。用自行设计的问卷进行一般情况调查，用《护士工作应激源量表》调查护理人员职业应激水平；测量护理人员的身高、体重、腰围、血压及空腹血糖、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、缺血修饰白蛋白、脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2水平。将护理人员分为MS组和非MS组，比较两组职业应激水平。计数资料组间比较采用χ(2)检验或Fisher检验；计量资料用x±s表示，组间比较用t检验。护理人员MS的影响因素分析采用多元logistic回归分析。 结果： 手术室护理人员总体职业应激水平为（450.58±141.77）分，明显低于常模得分（P<0.05）；与非MS组护理人员比较，MS组总体职业应激水平、工作性质、工作负荷及病人相关因素得分明显较高，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）；护理人员腹型肥胖、高甘油三酯血症、高血压及高血糖的患病率在不同职业应激水平组间差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）；调整腰围、甘油三酯、收缩压、高密度脂蛋白、缺血修饰白蛋白和脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2后，职业应激总分是手术室护理人员MS发生的危险因素（P<0.05）。 结论： 手术室护理人员职业应激水平与MS患病情况有关。.

Keywords: Metabolic syndrome; Nursing staff; Occupational stress.

This study aims to investigate whether Escin (ES) can protect against Cyclophosphamide (CPM)-induced cardiac damage. The experimental rats were categorized as Control, CPM (200 mg/kg), ES (10 mg/kg), and CPM + ES Groups, each having 6 members. Their heart tissues were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin and the structural changes were investigated under the light microscope. The biochemical markers of ischemia modified albumin (IMA), creatine kinase (CK-MB), antioxidant activity indicators Catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were measured using blood samples. Besides, the effects of CPM, ES, and CPM + ES upon CAT and SOD activities were shown via molecular docking studies. In the Single-Dose CPM group, CK-MB and IMA levels significantly increased while SOD and CAT levels significantly decreased. However, the heart tissues were damaged. CK-MB and IMA levels significantly decreased in CP+ ES Group. On the other hand, SOD, and CAT levels significantly increased and reduced the damage remarkably. Our findings showed that ES treatment successfully reduced the toxic effects upon the rats. The conclusion is that ES treatment can help protect the heart tissue against CPM-induced toxicity. Both in-vivo results and molecular modeling studies showed that the negative effects of CPM upon SOD activity were bigger than that of CAT.

Keywords: Cardiotoxicity; Cyclophosphamide; Escin; Ischemia Modified Albumin; Molecular Modeling.

Objective: To compare the levels of ischaemia modified albumin between osteomyelitis patients and healthy controls.

Methods: The cross-sectional prospective study was conducted at Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey, from May 2018 to May 2019, and comprised inpatients diagnosed with osteomyelitis, and healthy controls. Serum IMA concentrations were determined spectrophotometrically at 470nm wavelength. Serum ischaemia modified albumin levels were measured and compared between the patients and the controls. Data was analysed using SPSS 20.

Results: Of the 77 subjects, 37(48%) were patients and 40(52%) were controls. Serum ischaemia modified albumin level in patients was significantly higher than controls (p<0.05). There was a significant correlation between ischaemia modified albumin and C-reactive protein levels (p<0.05).

Conclusions: Serum ischaemia modified albumin level in patients was significantly higher than controls (p<0.05).

Keywords: Osteomiyelitis, Ischaemia-modified albumin, Receiving operation curve, Biomarker, C-reactive protein..

Sepsis is associated with various metabolic derangements as a consequence of inflammatory response, ischemia and oxidative stress. Four parameters of relevance are procalcitonin (PCT), ischemia modified albumin (IMA) pH and lactate. The study was carried out to highlight the concomitant occurrence of sepsis, ischemia and lactic acidosis, all of which could have deleterious effects on organ function. 26 critically ill patients with a provisional diagnosis of sepsis were the test subjects. The control group had 25 apparently healthy volunteers. PCT, lactate and IMA were assayed. PCT was estimated on an automated analyser using electro-chemiluminescence. Lactate and pH were estimated on a blood gas analyzer. Serum IMA was estimated spectrophotometrically by Albumin Cobalt Binding Test. Statistical tools like students 't' test and Venn diagram were employed to depict the outcome of the study. All critically ill patients had significantly higher IMA levels (0.96746 ± 0.73407) as compared to the control group (0.00728 ± 0.00895) with a p value of <0.0001. The Venn diagram was used to depict the finding that all 26 test subjects had elevated levels of IMA, of which PCT was elevated in 22 and lactate in 20. Both PCT and lactate were abnormal in 17 patients. The most significant observation was that all critically ill patients, irrespective of the presence of sepsis or lactic acidosis had elevated levels of IMA which is clearly indicative of the ubiquitous presence of oxidative stress. The Venn diagram is an elegant representation of the concurrent multiple pathophysiological processes which occur in critically ill patients.

We aimed to investigate the effect of different controlled hypotension levels on myocardial enzymes and myocardial ischemia protein in elderly hypertension patients, and then provide clinical evidence of suitable controlled hypotension level for them. Then, 45 elderly hypertension patients received elective eye-nose related surgery with nasal endoscope, who were randomly and evenly divided into three groups, including A, B and C groups, with mean arterial pressure (MAP) decreased by 20%, 30% and 40% respectively. The change of myocardial enzymes, myocardial ischemia modified albumin, score of surgical field quality and 12-lead electrocardiogram at different perioperative points were recorded. Then operative time, urine output and postoperative adverse complications of the patients were recorded too. Myocardial enzymes of group C were higher than that of both group A and B at T4, T5 points (p<0.05); Myocardial ischemia modified albumin of group C were higher than that of group A and B at T2, T3, T4 and T5 points (p<0.05); The score of surgical field quality of group A were higher than that of group B and C (p<0.05); Operation time of group C is less than that of group A and B (p< 0.05); The change of ST segment in group C is more obvious than that in group A and B (p<0.05); The incidence of adverse complications of group C is higher than that of group A and B (p<0.05). Controlled hypotension with MAP reduced by 30% brings minimum myocardial damage and fewer complications, while meeting the demand of surgical field. Thus it is an ideal controlled hypotension level and can be used for elderly hypertension patients safely.