Nowadays acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a serious cardiovascular disease threatening the human life and health worldwide. The most effective treatment is to quickly restore coronary blood flow through revascularization. However, timely revascularization may lead to reperfusion injury, thereby reducing the clinical benefits of revascularization. At present, no effective treatment is available for myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Emerging evidence indicates that epigenetic regulation is closely related to the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, indicating that epigenetics may serve as a novel therapeutic target to ameliorate or prevent ischemia/reperfusion injury. This review aimed to briefly summarize the role of histone modification, DNA methylation, noncoding RNAs, and N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) methylation in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, with a view to providing new methods and ideas for the research and treatment of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Keywords: 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (PubChem CID: 8768); 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine (PubChem CID: 451668); Alleviate; Curcumin (PubChem CID: 969516); Dihydromyricetin (PubChem CID: 161557); N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine (PubChem CID: 896); Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (PubChem CID: 5311); Trans sodium crocetinate (PubChem CID: 10287099); Trichostatin A (PubChem CID: 444732); Tubastatin A (PubChem CID: 49850262); epigenetic regulation; myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.