Abstract:

1. The venous outflow from the slow soleus muscle, at rest and during exercise, was compared with that of fast muscles. The blood flow through the soleus at rest was found to be, on average, 52 ml./100 g.min, which is about 4 times that of fast muscles.2. On stimulation of soleus through its motor nerve at low frequencies, up to 8/sec, hardly any increase in flow was observed, whereas fast muscles stimulated at the same rates showed a marked increase, the maximal functional hyperaemia being reached at 8/sec. Even when the soleus muscle was stimulated at frequencies of 40/sec the post-contraction hyperaemia was very small and sometimes absent.3. The relative absence of functional hyperaemia in the soleus does not appear to be due to low vascular tone, for small amounts of acetylcholine, injected close arterially, produced a considerable increase in blood flow. Further, in experiments in which the vascular tone was increased by lumbar sympathetic stimulation, no functional hyperaemia was seen. It is concluded that a contracting soleus does not release in adequate amounts the substance causing functional vasodilatation in fast muscles.4. No vasodilator effect of adrenaline could be demonstrated in soleus, and the vasodilator effect of isoprenaline was much smaller than that seen in fast muscles.5. The vasoconstrictor effect of lumbar sympathetic stimulation on the resistance vessels of soleus was much smaller than the effect seen in fast muscles. However, the responses of the resistance vessels in soleus to close arterial injections of noradrenaline were not very different from those of fast muscles, and it is suggested that the density of the terminal sympathetic innervation of the vessels of soleus differs from that of fast muscles.

Open in

PUBMED | PMC | Google Scholar | Wikipedia

Relations:

Content

Citations

(18)

References

(22)

Chemicals

(1)

Organisms

(2)

Functional specializations of the vascular bed of soleus

S Hilton

M Jeffries

G Vrbová

Abstract

1. The venous outflow from the slow soleus muscle, at rest and during exercise, was compared with that of fast muscles. The blood flow through the soleus at rest was found to be, on average, 52 ml./100 g.min, which is about 4 times that of fast muscles.

2. On stimulation of soleus through its motor nerve at low frequencies, up to 8/sec, hardly any increase in flow was observed, whereas fast muscles stimulated at the same rates showed a marked increase, the maximal functional hyperaemia being reached at 8/sec. Even when the soleus muscle was stimulated at frequencies of 40/sec the post-contraction hyperaemia was very small and sometimes absent.

3. The relative absence of functional hyperaemia in the soleus does not appear to be due to low vascular tone, for small amounts of acetylcholine, injected close arterially, produced a considerable increase in blood flow. Further, in experiments in which the vascular tone was increased by lumbar sympathetic stimulation, no functional hyperaemia was seen.

It is concluded that a contracting soleus does not release in adequate amounts the substance causing functional vasodilatation in fast muscles.

4. No vasodilator effect of adrenaline could be demonstrated in soleus, and the vasodilator effect of isoprenaline was much smaller than that seen in fast muscles.

5. The vasoconstrictor effect of lumbar sympathetic stimulation on the resistance vessels of soleus was much smaller than the effect seen in fast muscles. However, the responses of the resistance vessels in soleus to close arterial injections of noradrenaline were not very different from those of fast muscles, and it is suggested that the density of the terminal sympathetic innervation of the vessels of soleus differs from that of fast muscles.

Full text

Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Get a printable copy (PDF file) of the complete article (1.9M), or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Links to PubMed are also available for Selected References.

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

BARANY M, BARANY K, RECKARD T, VOLPE A. MYOSIN OF FAST AND SLOW MUSCLES OF THE RABBIT. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1965 Jan;109:185–191. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
BARCROFT H, DORNHORST AC, McCLATCHEY HM, TANNER JM. On the blood flow through rhythmically contracting muscle before and during release of sympathetic vasoconstrictor tone. J Physiol. 1952 Jul;117(3):391–400.[PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
BEATTY CH, PETERSON RD, BOCEK RM. Metabolism of red and white muscle fiber groups. Am J Physiol. 1963 May;204:939–942. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Boyd IA, Forrester T. The release of adenosine triphosphate from frog skeletal muscle in vitro. J Physiol. 1968 Nov;199(1):115–135.[PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
CELANDER O, FOLKOW B. A comparison of the sympathetic vasomotor fibre control of the vessels within the skin and the muscles. Acta Physiol Scand. 1953 Oct 6;29(2-3):241–250. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Cooper S. The isometric responses of mammalian muscles. J Physiol. 1930 Jun 27;69(4):377–385.[PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Dawes GS. The vaso-dilator action of potassium. J Physiol. 1941 Jan 14;99(2):224–238.[PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
DORNHORST AC, WHELAN RF. The blood flow in muscle following exercise and circulatory arrest; the influence of reduction in effective local blood pressure, of arterial hypoxia and of adrenaline. Clin Sci. 1953 Feb;12(1):33–40. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
FOLKOW B. Impulse frequency in sympathetic vasomotor fibres correlated to the release and elimination of the transmitter. Acta Physiol Scand. 1952;25(1):49–76. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
HILTON SM. Experiments on the post contraction hyperaemia of skeletal muscle. J Physiol. 1953 Apr 28;120(1-2):230–245.[PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
HILTON SM. Local mechanisms regulating peripheral blood flow. Physiol Rev Suppl. 1962 Jul;5:265–282. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Hilton SM, Vrbová G. Absence of functional hyperaemia in the soleus muscle of the cat. J Physiol. 1968 Feb;194(2):86–7P. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
KJELLMER I. The role of potassium ions in exercise hyperaemia. Med Exp Int J Exp Med. 1961;5:56–60. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
KJELLMER I. THE POTASSIUM ION AS A VASODILATOR DURING MUSCULAR EXERCISE. Acta Physiol Scand. 1965 Apr;63:460–468. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
LEE JC. Vascular patterns in the red and white muscles of the rabbit. Anat Rec. 1958 Dec;132(4):597–611. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
PATTERSON GC, SHEPHERD JT. The effects of continuous infusions into the brachial artery of adenosine triphosphate, histamine and acetylcholine on the amount and rate of blood debt repayment following rhythmic exercise of the forearm muscles. Clin Sci. 1954 Feb;13(1):85–91. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Reis DJ, Wooten GF, Hollenberg M. Differences in nutrient blood flow of red and white skeletal muscle in the cat. Am J Physiol. 1967 Sep;213(3):592–596. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
REMENSNYDER JP, MITCHELL JH, SARNOFF SJ. Functional sympatholysis during muscular activity. Observations on influence of carotid sinus on oxygen uptake. Circ Res. 1962 Sep;11:370–380. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
ROMANUL FC. CAPILLARY SUPPLY AND METABOLISM OF MUSCLE FIBERS. Arch Neurol. 1965 May;12:497–509. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Salmons S, Vrbová G. Changes in the speed of mammalian fast muscle following longterm stimulation. J Physiol. 1967 Sep;192(2):39P–40P. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
VRBOVA G. Changes in the motor reflexes produced by tenotomy. J Physiol. 1963 Apr;166:241–250.[PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
WALDER DN. The relationship between blood flow, capillary surface area and sodium clearance in muscle. Clin Sci. 1955 May;14(2):303–315. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Copyright notice