Enterovirus concentration on cellulose membranes.
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Journal: 1972/July - Applied microbiology
ISSN: 0003-6919
PUBMED: 4336660
Abstract:
Cellulose nitrate membranes were used as one of the adsorbents in concentrating viruses from water. For adsorption to occur, salts were required. With increase in valency of salt, less salt was necessary for enhanced virus adsorption to membranes. Trivalent salts were more effective because they could be used at only 1% the concentration required for divalent salts. Thus, 0.5 mM AlCl(3) was as effective as 50 mM MgCl(2). For testing 500 gal of water, only 0.24 kg of AlCl(3) was required in contrast to 20 kg of MgCl(2). Virus could then be eluted from such membranes, having an area of 486 cm(2), with 250 ml of pH 11.5 buffer. Lowering the pH of the eluate and adding AlCl(3) permitted the virus to be quickly readsorbed on a smaller cellulose membrane, i.e., 4 cm(2). Virus for assay was eluted from the small membrane in 1 ml. This procedure has provided the basis for concentrating minute amounts of virus from large volumes of water.
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Appl Microbiol 23(3): 476-480
PMID: 4336660

Enterovirus Concentration on Cellulose Membranes

Abstract

Cellulose nitrate membranes were used as one of the adsorbents in concentrating viruses from water. For adsorption to occur, salts were required. With increase in valency of salt, less salt was necessary for enhanced virus adsorption to membranes. Trivalent salts were more effective because they could be used at only 1% the concentration required for divalent salts. Thus, 0.5 mM AlCl3 was as effective as 50 mM MgCl2. For testing 500 gal of water, only 0.24 kg of AlCl3 was required in contrast to 20 kg of MgCl2. Virus could then be eluted from such membranes, having an area of 486 cm, with 250 ml of pH 11.5 buffer. Lowering the pH of the eluate and adding AlCl3 permitted the virus to be quickly readsorbed on a smaller cellulose membrane, i.e., 4 cm. Virus for assay was eluted from the small membrane in 1 ml. This procedure has provided the basis for concentrating minute amounts of virus from large volumes of water.

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Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
  • CLIVER DO. FACTORS IN THE MEMBRANE FILTRATION OF ENTEROVIRUSES. Appl Microbiol. 1965 May;13:417–431.[PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Moore ML, Ludovici PP, Jeter WS. Quantitative methods for the concentration of visuses in wastewater. J Water Pollut Control Fed. 1970 Feb;42(2 Suppl):R21–R28. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Rao NU, Labzoffsky NA. A simple method for the detection of low concentration of viruses in large volumes of water by the membrane filter technique. Can J Microbiol. 1969 May;15(5):399–403. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
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  • Wallis C, Melnick JL. Concentration of viruses from sewage by adsorption on millipore membranes. Bull World Health Organ. 1967;36(2):219–225.[PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Wallis C, Melnick JL, Fields JE. Concentration and purification of viruses by adsorption to and elution from insoluble polyelectrolytes. Appl Microbiol. 1971 Apr;21(4):703–709.[PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Department of Virology and Epidemiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77025
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Abstract
Cellulose nitrate membranes were used as one of the adsorbents in concentrating viruses from water. For adsorption to occur, salts were required. With increase in valency of salt, less salt was necessary for enhanced virus adsorption to membranes. Trivalent salts were more effective because they could be used at only 1% the concentration required for divalent salts. Thus, 0.5 mM AlCl3 was as effective as 50 mM MgCl2. For testing 500 gal of water, only 0.24 kg of AlCl3 was required in contrast to 20 kg of MgCl2. Virus could then be eluted from such membranes, having an area of 486 cm, with 250 ml of pH 11.5 buffer. Lowering the pH of the eluate and adding AlCl3 permitted the virus to be quickly readsorbed on a smaller cellulose membrane, i.e., 4 cm. Virus for assay was eluted from the small membrane in 1 ml. This procedure has provided the basis for concentrating minute amounts of virus from large volumes of water.
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