In the present article, a patient with incidental findings in computerized tomography (CT) of cavernous transformation of the splanchnic veins, thrombosis of the splenic and portal veins, esophagus and gastric varicose veins and splenomegaly is presented. The CT was performed due to mild chronic normocytic anemia known for two years and the elevated level of LDH (Lactic dehydrogenase). Although usually such incidental findings without cirrhosis do not necessitate anticoagulation therapy according to the literature, in cases of myeloproliferative diseases, anticoagulation is required in order to prevent thrombus propagation. The Calreticulin (CALR) mutation is associated with more bleeding tendency and less thrombotic manifestations while the Janus kinase 2 V617F (JAK-2) mutation increases the risk of thrombosis. In the present article, we present the case report and review the relevant literature.