Address correspondence to: Dr. Nicholas Hole, School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom. E-mail:ku.ca.mahrud@eloh.salohcin

^{These two authors jointly supervised this study.}

Address correspondence to: Dr. Nicholas Hole, School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom. E-mail:ku.ca.mahrud@eloh.salohcin

Received 2011 Dec 13; Accepted 2012 May 8.

Abstract

In this study, we have demonstrated that cells of neural crest origin located in the dermal papilla (DP) exhibit endothelial marker expression and a functional activity. When grown in endothelial growth media, DP primary cultures upregulate expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (FLT1) mRNA and downregulate expression of the dermal stem cell marker α-smooth muscle actin. DP cells have demonstrated functional characteristics of endothelial cells, including the ability to form capillary-like structures on Matrigel, increase uptake of low-density lipoprotein and upregulate ICAM1 (CD54) in response to tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) stimulation. We confirmed that these observations were not due to contaminating endothelial cells, by using DP clones. We have also used the WNT1cre/ROSA26R and WNT1cre/YFP lineage-tracing mouse models to identify a population of neural crest-derived cells in DP cultures that express the endothelial marker PECAM (CD31); these cells also form capillary-like structures on Matrigel. Importantly, cells of neural crest origin that express markers of endothelial and mesenchymal lineages exist within the dermal sheath of the vibrissae follicle.

Abstract

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