Orthod Craniofac Res 8(4): 292-302

Current concepts in periodontal bioengineering

M. Taba, Jr, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine and Centers for Craniofacial Regeneration and Oral Health Research, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;

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Correspondence to:William V. Giannobile, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA, Tel.: +1 734 998 1468, Fax: +1 734 998 7228, E-mail: ude.hcimu@bonnaigw

Abstract

Repair of tooth supporting alveolar bone defects caused by periodontal and peri-implant tissue destruction is a major goal of reconstructive therapy. Oral and craniofacial tissue engineering has been achieved with limited success by the utilization of a variety of approaches such as cell-occlusive barrier membranes, bone substitutes and autogenous block grafting techniques. Signaling molecules such as growth factors have been used to restore lost tooth support because of damage by periodontal disease or trauma. This paper will review emerging periodontal therapies in the areas of materials science, growth factor biology and cell/gene therapy. Several different polymer delivery systems that aid in the targeting of proteins, genes and cells to periodontal and peri-implant defects will be highlighted. Results from preclinical and clinical trials will be reviewed using the topical application of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP-2 and BMP-7) and platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF) for periodontal and peri-implant regeneration. The paper concludes with recent research on the use of ex vivo and in vivo gene delivery strategies via gene therapy vectors encoding growth promoting and inhibiting molecules (PDGF, BMP, noggin and others) to regenerate periodontal structures including bone, periodontal ligament and cementum.

Keywords: angiogenesis, gene therapy, periodontal disease, regeneration, scaffolds, tissue engineering

Abstract

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M. Taba, Jr, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine and Centers for Craniofacial Regeneration and Oral Health Research, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

Q. Jin, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine and Centers for Craniofacial Regeneration and Oral Health Research, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

J.V. Sugai, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine and Centers for Craniofacial Regeneration and Oral Health Research, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

W.V. Giannobile, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine and Centers for Craniofacial Regeneration and Oral Health Research, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

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