One new triterpene glycoside, cimiracemoside , and 14 known triterpene glycosides have been isolated from the rhizome extracts of black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa). On the basis of spectral and chemical evidence, the structure of the new compound was elucidated to be 12beta-acetoxycimigenol-3-O-beta-D-xylopranoside, and the known compounds were identified to be 25-acetylcimigenol xyloside, cimigenol-3-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside, acetin, 27-deoxyacetin, cimicifugoside H-1, 23-O-acetylshengmanol 3-O-beta-D-xylopranoside, foetidinol-3-O-beta-xyloside, cimicifugoside H-2, 25-O-methylcimigenol xyloside, 21-hydroxycimigenol-3-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside, 24-epi-7,8-didehydrocimigenol-3-xyloside, cimidahurinine, cimidahurine and cimifugin. The compounds, , and showed weak antibacterial activities in the agar diffusion assay.