Abstract:

The biological activity of 20 l-alpha-amino acid conjugates of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) to stimulate cell elongation of Avena sativa coleoptile sections and to stimulate growth of soybean cotyledon tissue cultures has been examined at concentrations of 10(-4) to 10(-7)m. In the Avena coleoptile test, most of the amino acid conjugates stimulated elongation. Several of the conjugates stimulated as much elongation as IAA but their half-maximum concentrations tended to be higher. Some of the more active conjugates were alanine, glycine, lysine, serine, aspartic acid, cystine, cysteine, methionine, and glutamic acid.In the soybean cotyledon tissue culture test, all of the l-alpha-amino acid conjugates of IAA stimulated growth except for the phenylalanine, histidine, and arginine conjugates. Most of the conjugates produced responses at least as great as that caused by IAA. Conjugates with half-maximum concentrations lower than IAA included cysteine, cystine, methionine, and alanine. These conjugates exceed the IAA-induced callus growth at all tested concentrations. Other conjugates significantly better than IAA at 10(-6)m were serine, glycine, leucine, proline, and threonine.

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Metabolism of Indole-3-acetic Acid

C Feung

R Hamilton

R Mumma

Abstract

The biological activity of 20 l-α-amino acid conjugates of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) to stimulate cell elongation of Avena sativa coleoptile sections and to stimulate growth of soybean cotyledon tissue cultures has been examined at concentrations of 10^{to 10}^m. In the Avena coleoptile test, most of the amino acid conjugates stimulated elongation. Several of the conjugates stimulated as much elongation as IAA but their half-maximum concentrations tended to be higher. Some of the more active conjugates were alanine, glycine, lysine, serine, aspartic acid, cystine, cysteine, methionine, and glutamic acid.

In the soybean cotyledon tissue culture test, all of the l-α-amino acid conjugates of IAA stimulated growth except for the phenylalanine, histidine, and arginine conjugates. Most of the conjugates produced responses at least as great as that caused by IAA. Conjugates with half-maximum concentrations lower than IAA included cysteine, cystine, methionine, and alanine. These conjugates exceed the IAA-induced callus growth at all tested concentrations. Other conjugates significantly better than IAA at 10^m were serine, glycine, leucine, proline, and threonine.

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Andreae WA, Good NE. The Formation of Indoleacetylaspartic Acid in Pea Seedlings. Plant Physiol. 1955 Jul;30(4):380–382.[PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Feung C, Hamilton RH, Mumma RO. Metabolism of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. V. Identification of metabolites in soybean callus tissue cultures. J Agric Food Chem. 1973 Jul-Aug;21(4):637–640. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Feung CS, Hamilton RH, Mumma RO. Metabolism of Indole-3-Acetic Acid: III. Identification of Metabolites Isolated from Crown Gall Callus Tissue. Plant Physiol. 1976 Nov;58(5):666–669.[PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Feung CS, Mumma RO, Hamilton RH. Metabolism of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. VI. Biological properties of amino acid conjugates. J Agric Food Chem. 1974 Mar-Apr;22(2):307–309. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Hamilton RH, Meyer HE, Burke RE, Feung CS, Mumma RO. Metabolism of Indole-3-Acetic Acid: II. Oxindole Pathway in Parthenocissus tricuspidata Crown-Gall Tissue Cultures. Plant Physiol. 1976 Jul;58(1):77–81.[PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Key JL, Shannon JC. Enhancement by Auxin of Ribonucleic Acid Synthesis in Excised Soybean Hypocotyl Tissue. Plant Physiol. 1964 May;39(3):360–364.[PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

^{Departments of Entomology and Biology, Pesticide Research Laboratory and Graduate Study Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802}

^{Present address: Union Carbide Corporation, Technical Center Building 740-4109, South Charleston, West Va. 25303.}

^{To whom correspondence should be addressed.}

^{Authorized for publication as Paper No. 5014 in the Journal Series of the Pennsylvania Agricultural Experiment Station. Supported in part by the Northeastern Regional Research Project NE-53 and Regional Research Funds.}

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Abstract

The biological activity of 20 l-α-amino acid conjugates of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) to stimulate cell elongation of Avena sativa coleoptile sections and to stimulate growth of soybean cotyledon tissue cultures has been examined at concentrations of 10^{to 10}^m. In the Avena coleoptile test, most of the amino acid conjugates stimulated elongation. Several of the conjugates stimulated as much elongation as IAA but their half-maximum concentrations tended to be higher. Some of the more active conjugates were alanine, glycine, lysine, serine, aspartic acid, cystine, cysteine, methionine, and glutamic acid.In the soybean cotyledon tissue culture test, all of the l-α-amino acid conjugates of IAA stimulated growth except for the phenylalanine, histidine, and arginine conjugates. Most of the conjugates produced responses at least as great as that caused by IAA. Conjugates with half-maximum concentrations lower than IAA included cysteine, cystine, methionine, and alanine. These conjugates exceed the IAA-induced callus growth at all tested concentrations. Other conjugates significantly better than IAA at 10^m were serine, glycine, leucine, proline, and threonine.

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