Many researchers have shown that plant-derived polyphenolic compounds are helpful nutraceuticals in restraining various disorders such as neoplastic diseases. In this study two linear furanocoumarins, aviprin and aviprin-3″-O-D-glucopyranoside (A3G), were isolated from methanol extract of Prangos uloptera roots. The evaluation of free radical scavenging capacity of the compounds showed that aviprin is a more effective antioxidant than A3G with RC50 of 0.54 mg mL⁻¹. The biological and antiproliferative activities of the furanocoumarins were examined using human cervical carcinoma HeLa cell line and LNCaP prostatic cell line. Cell membrane integrity and cell viability were evaluated by measuring trypan blue exclusion assay and reduction of the tetrazolium blue compound, respectively. Treating the LNCaP cell line with various concentrations of the furanocoumarins showed that IC₅₀ of aviprin and A3G were 0.4 and 6.6 mg mL⁻¹, whereas their CC50 values were 0.7 and 11 mg mL⁻¹, respectively. These results indicated that 42.7% of LNCaP cells were not dead by necrosis. Treating the HeLa cells by the furanocoumarins showed the greater sensitivity of the HeLa cell line than the LNCaP cell line. A morphological analysis and the study of DNA fragmentation provided further some evidence for the inhibition of the LNCaP cell line via apoptosis induction.