HPLC-guided separation of twigs of Aglaia odorata led to the isolation of eight lignans, including two new ones, 3'-methoxy-N-demethylrocaglamide (1) and 4'-O-demethyl-deacetylaglaxiflorin A (2). Compound 1 showed excellent cytotoxicity against three human cancer cell lines, HeLa, SGC-7901 gastric cancer, and A-549 lung cancer with the values of 0.32, 0.12, and 0.25 μM, respectively.