The complete nucleotide sequence and RNA editing content of the mitochondrial genome of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.): comparative analysis of the mitochondrial genomes of rapeseed and Arabidopsis thaliana.
Journal: 2004/February - Nucleic Acids Research
ISSN: 1362-4962
PUBMED: 14530439
Abstract:
The entire mitochondrial genome of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) was sequenced and compared with that of Arabidopsis thaliana. The 221 853 bp genome contains 34 protein-coding genes, three rRNA genes and 17 tRNA genes. This gene content is almost identical to that of Arabidopsis: However the rps14 gene, which is a pseudo-gene in Arabidopsis, is intact in rapeseed. On the other hand, five tRNA genes are missing in rapeseed compared to Arabidopsis, although the set of mitochondrially encoded tRNA species is identical in the two Cruciferae. RNA editing events were systematically investigated on the basis of the sequence of the rapeseed mitochondrial genome. A total of 427 C to U conversions were identified in ORFs, which is nearly identical to the number in Arabidopsis (441 sites). The gene sequences and intron structures are mostly conserved (more than 99% similarity for protein-coding regions); however, only 358 editing sites (83% of total editings) are shared by rapeseed and Arabidopsis: Non-coding regions are mostly divergent between the two plants. One-third (about 78.7 kb) and two-thirds (about 223.8 kb) of the rapeseed and Arabidopsis mitochondrial genomes, respectively, cannot be aligned with each other and most of these regions do not show any homology to sequences registered in the DNA databases. The results of the comparative analysis between the rapeseed and Arabidopsis mitochondrial genomes suggest that higher plant mitochondria are extremely conservative with respect to coding sequences and somewhat conservative with respect to RNA editing, but that non-coding parts of plant mitochondrial DNA are extraordinarily dynamic with respect to structural changes, sequence acquisition and/or sequence loss.
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Nucleic Acids Res 31(20): 5907-5916

The complete nucleotide sequence and RNA editing content of the mitochondrial genome of rapeseed (<em>Brassica napus</em> L.): comparative analysis of the mitochondrial genomes of rapeseed and <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em>

Laboratory of Plant Genecology, National Agricultural Research Center for Hokkaido Region, Sapporo 062-8555, Japan and Department of Plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba 305-8602, Japan
To whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2-1-2, Kan-non-dai, Tsukuba 305-8602, Japan. Tel: +81 29 838 8374; Fax: +81 29 838 8397; Email: pj.og.crffa@uzakorih
Received 2003 Jul 9; Revised 2003 Aug 29; Accepted 2003 Aug 29.

Abstract

The entire mitochondrial genome of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) was sequenced and compared with that of Arabidopsis thaliana. The 221 853 bp genome contains 34 protein-coding genes, three rRNA genes and 17 tRNA genes. This gene content is almost identical to that of Arabidopsis. However the rps14 gene, which is a pseudo-gene in Arabidopsis, is intact in rapeseed. On the other hand, five tRNA genes are missing in rapeseed compared to Arabidopsis, although the set of mitochondrially encoded tRNA species is identical in the two Cruciferae. RNA editing events were systematically investigated on the basis of the sequence of the rapeseed mitochondrial genome. A total of 427 C to U conversions were identified in ORFs, which is nearly identical to the number in Arabidopsis (441 sites). The gene sequences and intron structures are mostly conserved (more than 99% similarity for protein-coding regions); however, only 358 editing sites (83% of total editings) are shared by rapeseed and Arabidopsis. Non-coding regions are mostly divergent between the two plants. One-third (about 78.7 kb) and two-thirds (about 223.8 kb) of the rapeseed and Arabidopsis mitochondrial genomes, respectively, cannot be aligned with each other and most of these regions do not show any homology to sequences registered in the DNA databases. The results of the comparative analysis between the rapeseed and Arabidopsis mitochondrial genomes suggest that higher plant mitochondria are extremely conservative with respect to coding sequences and somewhat conservative with respect to RNA editing, but that non-coding parts of plant mitochondrial DNA are extraordinarily dynamic with respect to structural changes, sequence acquisition and/or sequence loss.

Abstract

+, present; Ψ, pseudogene; –, absent.

From Heazlewood et al. (32).

From Sabar et al. (18).

+, present; Ψ, pseudogene; –, absent. Gene copy numbers are shown in parentheses.

Data for individual mRNA species previously analyzed have been included. The number of the reference (Ref.) is shown for those.

From Heazlewood et al. (32).

From Sabar et al. (18).

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The author wishes to thank Ms Kazuko Hashimoto and Kyoko Minagawa for their skilful technical assistance. The author is greatly indebted to Dr Géraldine Bonnard for helpful advice and for help in the revision of the manuscript. Appreciation is expressed to Drs Stefan Binder and Philippe Giége for providing unpublished data.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES

REFERENCES

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