In the previous study, the anti-inflammatory effect of p-cymene had been found. In this study, we investigated anti-inflammatory effects of p-cymene on acute lung injury using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) mouse model. The cell counting in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was measured. The animal lung edema degree was evaluated by wet/dry weight (W/D) ratio. The superoxidase dismutase (SOD) activity and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was assayed by SOD and MPO kits, respectively. The levels of inflammatory mediators including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), IL-1β, and IL-6 were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. The pathological changes of the lung tissues were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The inflammatory signal pathway-related protein levels of NF-κB were measured using Western blotting. The data showed that treatment with the p-cymene markedly attenuated inflammatory cell numbers in the BALF, decreased NF-κB protein level in the lungs, improved SOD activity, and inhibited MPO activity. Histological studies demonstrated that p-cymene substantially inhibited LPS-induced neutrophils in the lung tissue compared with the model group. The results indicated that p-cymene had a protective effect on LPS-induced ALI in mice.