Thyroid lesions after radiation and chemotherapy include thyroid tumors and thyroiditis, which occur in violation of its function, as well as secondary hypothyroidism due to damage to the pituitary region. Hereinafter, we will use the term 'chemoradiotherapy', since in the treatment of malignant neoplasms, schemes are most often used that include both radiation exposure and drug treatment, and it is almost impossible to single out the influence of each of these components individually.