Cytoskeleton of Apicomplexan Parasites

Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110

^{Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110. Phone: (314) 362-8874. Fax: (314) 362-3203. E-mail:}ude.ltsuw.microb@imoan.

Abstract

The Apicomplexa are a phylum of diverse obligate intracellular parasites including Plasmodium spp., the cause of malaria; Toxoplasma gondii and Cryptosporidium parvum, opportunistic pathogens of immunocompromised individuals; and Eimeria spp. and Theileria spp., parasites of considerable agricultural importance. These protozoan parasites share distinctive morphological features, cytoskeletal organization, and modes of replication, motility, and invasion. This review summarizes our current understanding of the cytoskeletal elements, the properties of cytoskeletal proteins, and the role of the cytoskeleton in polarity, motility, invasion, and replication. We discuss the unusual properties of actin and myosin in the Apicomplexa, the highly stereotyped microtubule populations in apicomplexans, and a network of recently discovered novel intermediate filament-like elements in these parasites.

Abstract

Acknowledgments

We thank Antonio Barragan, Audra Charron, John Cooper, Susan Dutcher, Olivia Giddings, Dan Goldberg, Wallace Marshall, Alissa Weaver, and Dawn Wetzel for commenting on the manuscript.

N.S.M. is supported by Individual NRSA fellowship F32 GM20484-01A1 and was previously supported by an NIH training grant in Infectious Disease held by the Washington University School of Medicine. (T32; AI-0717221).

Acknowledgments

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